M\u016f\u017eeme \u017e\u00edt ve stejn\u00e9 zemi, ve stejn\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b nebo dokonce pod stejnou st\u0159echou, ale \u017eijeme v odli\u0161n\u00fdch realit\u00e1ch.\u2014Brian McLaren, Learning How to See<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010clen fakulty CAC Brian McLaren je znepokojen cenou, kterou plat\u00edme za na\u0161i st\u00e1le omezen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed schopnost vid\u011bt za hranice na\u0161ich n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch nebo politick\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed jsem byl st\u00e1le v\u00edce znepokojen jedovat\u00fdmi v\u00fdpady, ned\u016fv\u011brou a destruktivn\u00ed nekomunikac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 rozd\u011bluj\u00ed lidi v\u0161ude kolem m\u011b… v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch spole\u010denstv\u00edch, n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch komunit\u00e1ch, podnic\u00edch, neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00edch, p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00edch, dokonce i v rodin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch vytla\u010duj\u00ed ur\u00e1\u017eky, dezinformace a propaganda inteligentn\u00ed, up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 a respektuj\u00edc\u00ed konverzace. V hromadn\u00fdch sd\u011blovac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch l\u00e9taj\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00ed z \u201efale\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u201c na v\u0161echny strany, tak\u017ee lid\u00e9 nev\u011bd\u00ed, komu maj\u00ed v\u011b\u0159it. Ve sv\u011bt\u011b n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed p\u0159itahuj\u00ed povrchn\u00ed, zlomysln\u00ed nebo na zisk zam\u011b\u0159eni kazatel\u00e9 t\u00fdden co t\u00fdden obrovsk\u00e9 davy a neust\u00e1le apeluj\u00ed nikoli na lep\u0161\u00ed str\u00e1nky lidsk\u00e9 povahy, ale na na\u0161e nevy\u0159\u010den\u00e9 obavy a neuznan\u00e9 p\u0159edsudky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ve sv\u011bt\u011b politiky vyhr\u00e1vaj\u00ed volby neinformovan\u00ed, ne\u010destn\u00ed a manipulativn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ti, kte\u0159\u00ed lidem ne\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed to, co pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed sly\u0161et, ale to, co cht\u011bj\u00ed sly\u0161et. Kv\u016fli na\u0161\u00ed polarizaci a paral\u00fdze z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my nevy\u0159e\u0161eny, co\u017e zesiluje frustraci na v\u0161ech stran\u00e1ch a vystavuje (doslova) miliardy z n\u00e1s populistick\u00fdm demagog\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed struktura se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt tak napnut\u00e1, \u017ee by se mohla roztrhnout. To m\u011b d\u011bs\u00ed. \u201eCo se to tady d\u011bje?\u201c pt\u00e1m se s\u00e1m sebe… <\/p>\n\n\n\n Filozof George Lakoff zpochyb\u0148uje mylnou p\u0159edstavu, kter\u00e1 vznikla b\u011bhem osv\u00edcenstv\u00ed, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 vid\u011bt probl\u00e9my jasn\u011b, zalo\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdhradn\u011b na rozumu: <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Osv\u00edcensk\u00fd rozum \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161ichni uva\u017euj\u00ed stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem… Osv\u00edcensk\u00fd rozum \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee sta\u010d\u00ed z\u00edskat fakta a ka\u017ed\u00fd dojde ke spr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru, proto\u017ee v\u0161ichni maj\u00ed stejn\u00fd rozum. Ne. Pokud maj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 pohledy na sv\u011bt, dojdou k odli\u0161n\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm. Osv\u00edcensk\u00fd rozum neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 odli\u0161n\u00e9 pohledy na sv\u011bt. Osv\u00edcensk\u00fd rozum nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed r\u00e1mcov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed metaforick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed. Nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed, jak lid\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u011b funguj\u00ed. [1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zde je jednoduch\u00e1 pravda, kterou jsem za\u010dal vn\u00edmat, kdy\u017e jsem pozoroval \u00fapadek rozumnosti, sledoval n\u00e1r\u016fst dysfunk\u010dn\u00edch a dokonce nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch diskurz\u016f a studoval akademickou literaturu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u0161ichni, ano, dokonce i j\u00e1 \u2013 a co je je\u0161t\u011b \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00ed, dokonce i vy \u2013 m\u00e1me celou \u0159adu p\u0159edpoklad\u016f a omezen\u00ed, p\u0159edsudk\u016f a preferenc\u00ed, sympati\u00ed, antipati\u00ed a spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d\u016f, obav a st\u0159et\u016f z\u00e1jm\u016f, slep\u00fdch m\u00edst a posedlost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m br\u00e1n\u00ed vid\u011bt to, co bychom mohli a cht\u011bli vid\u011bt, kdybychom je nem\u011bli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy si tyto vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky vid\u011bn\u00ed a porozum\u011bn\u00ed neuv\u011bdomujeme, co\u017e n\u00e1m je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zt\u011b\u017euje jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Dalo by se \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee jsme slep\u00ed k tomu, co n\u00e1s oslepuje. N\u00e1zev pro tyto nev\u011bdom\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky je zaujatost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zaujatost n\u00e1s nut\u00ed br\u00e1nit se a odm\u00edtat zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 bychom m\u011bli p\u0159ijmout, a p\u0159ij\u00edmat zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00fdm bychom se m\u011bli br\u00e1nit a kter\u00e9 bychom m\u011bli odm\u00edtnout. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno… nevid\u00edme to, co nevid\u00edme, proto\u017ee n\u00e1m v tom br\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161e zaujatost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Translated with DeepL.com (free version)<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1] George Lakoff, in Patt Morrison, \u201cLinguist George Lakoff on what Democrats don\u2019t understand\u2014and Republicans do\u2014about how voters think,\u201d Los Angeles Times, Nov. 28, 2018. Accessed October 1, 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Brian McLaren,\u202fWhy Don\u2019t They Get It? Overcoming Bias\u202fin Others (and Yourself)<\/em><\/a>,\u202frev. ed. (Self-published, 2019, 2024), 4\u20135, 9\u201310, e-book. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Image credit and inspiration<\/strong>: Bud Helisson, untitled <\/em>(detail), 2021, photo, Brazil, Unsplash<\/a>. Click here to enlarge image<\/a>. The lenses symbolize how our inherent biases\u2014like favoring what confirms what we already believe or seeing only those like ourselves\u2014can cloud our vision, reminding us that true clarity comes from looking again and being willing to see differently.<\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Zaujatost n\u00e1s nut\u00ed br\u00e1nit se a odm\u00edtat zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 bychom m\u011bli p\u0159ijmout, a p\u0159ij\u00edmat zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00fdm bychom se m\u011bli br\u00e1nit a kter\u00e9 bychom m\u011bli odm\u00edtnout. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno… nevid\u00edme to, co nevid\u00edme, proto\u017ee n\u00e1m v tom br\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161e zaujatost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13396,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[198],"tags":[2422,2313,2423],"class_list":["post-13401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-richard-rohr-ofm-centrum-pro-zivot-a-rozjimani","tag-media","tag-osvicenectvi","tag-zaujatost","latest_post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13401"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13401\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13402,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13401\/revisions\/13402"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.frantiskani.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Omezen\u00e1 schopnost vid\u011bt d\u00e1l<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Medi\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lky<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Populist\u00e9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Osv\u00edceneck\u00fd rozum klame<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
McLaren popisuje, jak vznik\u00e1 zaujatost, kdy\u017e se na\u0161e sv\u011btov\u00e9 n\u00e1zory zpevn\u00ed:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Lid\u00e9 nevid\u00ed to, co vid\u011bt nemohou.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Zaujatost<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Prameny:<\/h6>\n\n\n\n